[EQ] Major Issues and Challenges of Influenza Pandemic Preparedness in Developing Countries

Major Issues and Challenges of Influenza Pandemic Preparedness in Developing Countries

 

Hitoshi Oshitani, Taro Kamigaki, and Akira Suzuki

Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

Emerg Infect Dis [Volume 14, Number 6–June 2008]

 

Available from http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/14/6/875.htm

 

‘…..Better preparedness for an influenza pandemic mitigates its impact. Many countries have started developing and implementing national influenza pandemic preparedness plans. However, the level of preparedness varies among countries. Developing countries encounter unique and difficult issues and challenges in preparing for a pandemic. Deaths attributable to an influenza pandemic could be substantially higher in developing countries than in industrialized countries.

 

Pharmaceutical interventions such as vaccines and antiviral agents are less likely to be available in developing countries. The public health and clinical infrastructure of developing countries are often inadequate to deal with a widespread health crisis such as an influenza pandemic. Such an event will inevitably have a global effect. Therefore, improving pandemic preparedness in every country, particularly developing ones, is urgently needed….”

 

 

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[EQ] Guidelines on incentives for health professionals

 

Guidelines on incentives for health professionals

 

International Council of Nurses, International Hospital Federation, International Pharmaceutical Federation, World Confederation for Physical Therapy, World Dental Federation, World Medical Association,  May 2008

Commissioned by the Global Health Workforce Alliance [GHWA}

 

English PDF [44p.] at: http://www.who.int/workforcealliance/documents/Incentives_Guidelines%20EN.pdf

 

French PDF [44p.] at: http://www.who.int/workforcealliance/documents/Incentives_Guidelines%20FR.pdf

 

Spanish PDF [44p.] at: http://www.who.int/workforcealliance/documents/Incentives_Guidelines%20SP.pdf

 

“….The world's leading health and hospital professional associations have joined to produce the first-ever joint guidelines on incentives for the retention and recruitment of health professionals. Commissioned by GHWA as part of its work to identify and implement solutions to the health workforce crisis, the Guidelines on Incentives for Health Professionals is the combined result of collaboration.

“…..The report underlines how incentives are important levers that organizations can use to attract, retain, motivate and improve the performance of their staff in all professions and walks of life, This is especially and urgently needed in the health care sector, it states, where the growing gap between the supply of health care professionals and the demand for their services is reaching crisis levels in many countries. The 'Incentives' guidelines offer practical solutions that can make a difference. Professional associations will implement the guidelines by using the research to support claims and raise awareness of all stakeholders including patients.

 

The serious shortage of health workers across the world has been identified as one of the most critical constraints to the achievement of health and development goals. The 2006 World Health Report estimated a global shortage of 4.3 million health workers, including 2.4 million physicians, nurses and midwives. Translated into access to care, the shortage means that over a billion people have no access to heath care professionals. …”

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive summary

Introduction

A typology of incentives in health care

Financial incentives

Wages and conditions

Performance-linked payments

Other financial incentives

Non-financial incentives

Career and professional development

Workload management

Flexible working arrangements

Positive working environments

Access to benefits and supports

What does an effective incentive scheme look like?

Developing an incentive package

Conclusion

Appendix

References

 

 

 

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[EQ] Expert Consultation for the World Congress III: Against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents

Expert Consultation in Preparation for the World Congress III
 Against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents

UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre - 21-23 April 2008, Florence, Italy

Website: http://www.unicef-irc.org/worldcongress3/

“….The UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre is hosting a series of thematic expert consultations on child trafficking and child sex tourism, in preparation for the World Congress III against the Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents to be held in Brazil in November 2008. The consultations are organized in close cooperation with UNICEF’s Child Protection section in New York, and with the support of UNICEF TACRO and Brazil.

Key findings and recommendations from IRC research on child trafficking were presented, with an introduction to a broader approach to the theme and to the implementation and monitoring of international standards at regional and international levels.

The discussion focused on preventing sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism, with good practices and lessons learned on the role of private sector and community-based action for the implementation of international standards…”

Presentations Opening remarks Marta Santos Pais, UNICEF IRC Key findings and recommendations from IRC research on child trfficking and introduction to a broader approach Lena Karlsson and Daja Wenke, UNICEF IRC The Committee on the Rights of the Child and its monitoring role Nevena Vukovic Sahovic, Committee on the Rights of the Child The Council of Europe convention on action against trafficking in human beings Athanassia Sykiotou, Council of Europe The work of the regional anti-trafficking network for the prevention of child trafficking in Andhra Pradesh Sudha Murali, UNICEF India A holistic approach to child trafficking  Mirela Shuteriqi, Terre des Hommes UNICEF guidelines on the protection of child victims of trafficking; adaptation to a regional context Anjanette Saguisag, UNICEF Philippines Child participation to prevent and address child trafficking Radha Kamath, International Consultant on Child Trafficking Children speak about child trafficking - case study from South Eastern Europe Lena Karlsson, UNICEF IRC Implementation of the OSCE action plan and its addendum on child trafficking Anelise Gomes de Araujo, OSCE 22 April Introduction to the work on preventing the sexual exploitation of children in travel and tourism Theo Noten, ECPAT Netherlands Vernon Jones, Save the Children Denmark, Paola Viero, Government of Italy, Italian Cooperation, Preliminary results of the UNICEF IRC literature review  Kerry Neal, UNICEF IRC Council of Europe Comnvention on the protection of children against sexual exploitation and sexual abuse  Camilla Tessenyi, Council of Europe Implementation of international standards - experiences from Costa Rica Milena Grillo, Fundacion Paniamor The code of conduct for the protection of children from sexual exploitation in travel and tourism Camelia Tepelus, The Code Secretariat Implementation of the code of conduct at the Kenyan coast Agnetta Mirikau, UNICEF Kenya Working with internet service providers and internet cafe owners to protect children from sexual exploitation  Anjanette Saguisag, UNICEF Philippines 23 April World Congress III Against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents Where we stand in the preparatory process: progress and challenges ahead Government of Brazil Delegation

 

 

 

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This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
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