Health Equity: 07/22/10

Thursday, July 22, 2010

[EQ] A guide for teachers in epidemiology, public health and clinical medicine

Teaching Epidemiology

A guide for teachers in epidemiology, public health and clinical medicine

Third Edition

Jorn Olsen, Rodolfo Saracci, and Dimitrios Trichopoulos

978-0-19-923947-4 | 15 April 2010
Oxford University Press 2010 - Website: http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199239474.do

Available online: Part I Context: Introducing the history of epidemiology

PDF [24p.] at: http://bit.ly/bLJgUg

“….The aim of this book is to help the inexperienced teacher in epidemiology when planning a course, and to be an inspiration for experienced teachers when he/she is trying to improve teaching performance. Each chapter includes a suggested course structure, syllabus, and set of key literature references related to the topic of the course. The chapters also include personal guidelines for how to teach the course and how to evaluate student performance. The book includes courses in methodology at different levels as well as courses in specific diseases, specific disease determinant and data collection methods. You will also find guidelines in how to use computer technology in the classroom, and how to make good use of teaching assistants…”

Content:

Part 1: Context

1: Rodolfo Saracci: Introducing the history of epidemiology

2: Olli S. Miettinen: Important concepts in epidemiology

3: Jørn Olsen and Olga Basso: Study Design

4: Per Kragh Andersen: Statistics in epidemiology

5: Kenneth J. Rothman: Teaching a first course in epidemiologic principles and methods

Part 2: Exposure Oriented Epidemiology

6: Jakob Bue Bjorner and Jørn Olsen: Questionnaires in epidemiology

7: Anders Ahlbom: Environment

8: Neil Pearce: Occupational epidemiology

9: Yoav Ben-Shlomo and Diana Kuh: Life course epidemiology

10: Susan Jick: Pharmacoepidemiology

11: Walter C. Willett: Nutritional epidemiology

12: Harry Campbell and Susan Service: Genetic epidemiology

13: Betsy Foxman: Teaching molecular epidemiology

14: Nancy Krieger: Social inequalities in health

15: Anthony J. McMichael And Ulisses Confalonieri: Climate change and human health: issues for teacher and classroom

Part 3: Outcome Oriented Epidemiology

16: Marc Lipsitch: Infectious disease epidemiology

17: Pagona Lagiou and Dimitrios Trichopoulos: Cancer epidemiology

18: Rebecca Fuhrer and Ezra Susser: Teaching a course in psychiatric epidemiology

19: C. A. Molgaard, A. L. Golbeck, and J. F. Rothrock: Neurologic diseases

20: Jørn Olsen and Ellen Aagaard Nøhr: Reproductive epidemiology

21: Josep M. Anto: Teaching chronic respiratory disease epidemiology

22: Eleni Petridou, Evi Germeni and Mark Stevenson: Epidemiology of injuries

23: Flemming Scheutz and Georgios Tsakos: Dental epidemiology

24: John A. Baron and Henrik Toft Sørensen: Clinical epidemiology

25: Paul Elliott: Study of clustering and outbreaks

26: Japhet Killewo and Anita Sandström: Field studies in developing countries

27: Henrik Toft Sørensen And John A. Baron: Registries and medical databases

28: J.H. Abramson: Teaching epidemiology inside and outside the classroom

Part 4: Pedagogies

29: Charles Du V. Florey and Ralph R. Frerichs: Computer-assisted learning - principles and practice

30: Haroutune Armenian, Michael E. Thompson, And Jonathan Samet: Competency based curriculum in epidemiology

31: Naomi Greene And Tarun Bhatnagar: Guide for teaching assistants in a methods course in a department of epidemiology

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[EQ] Providing evidence-based solutions for world health problems

News:

Providing evidence-based solutions for world health problems

The Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development is a new division at the School that became official on July 1, 2010

Website: http://bit.ly/b5GKAh

It encompasses three HSPHCenters:
- Center for Health Communication,
- Center for Public Health Leadership and
- Center for Continuing Professional Education, and oversees a new program: The Forum at Harvard School of Public Health debuting in October.
The Division also offers advanced leadership training to individuals in critical decision-making positions.

The Division is dedicated to translating scientific research into public policy with maximum effectiveness and visibility. It aims to foster a continuing dialogue between those who make public policy decisions affecting human health and those who can inform decision-makers about the best scientific information and proven approaches to complex, interdisciplinary problems.

The Division is directed by Robert J. Blendon, Senior Associate Dean for Policy Translation and Leadership Development. Professor of Health Policy and Political Analysis at Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and holds a joint appointment at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government.

The Division’s Deputy Director is Robin Herman, Assistant Dean for Research Communications and Director of The Forum at Harvard School of Public Health.

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[EQ] Surgery unavailable to one third of the world's population

Global operating theatre distribution and pulse oximetry supply:
an estimation from reported data

Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA (L M Funk, T G Weiser, W R Berry, A A Gawande);
Center for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (L M Funk, T G Weiser, W R Berry, S R Lipsitz ScD, A A Gawande);

Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Auckland and Department of Anaesthesia, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand (Prof A F Merry FANZCA);

University of British Columbia, Royal Jubilee Hospital, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (Prof A C Enright FRCPC);

Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK (I H Wilson FRCA); and
World Health Organization Patient Safety Programme, Geneva, Switzerland (G Dziekan )

The Lancet, 1 July 2010doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60392-3

“………………Of an estimated 234 million surgical procedures done every year, the wealthiest third of the global population has 75% of the operations, whereas the poorest third undergoes only 4%.7…”

Abstract: http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(10)60392-3/fulltext

“…….Surgery is an essential part of health care, but resources to ensure the availability of surgical services are often inadequate. We estimated the global distribution of operating theatres and quantified the availability of pulse oximetry, which is an essential monitoring device during surgery and a potential measure of operating theatre resources.

Methods

We calculated ratios of the number of operating theatres to hospital beds in seven geographical regions worldwide on the basis of profiles from 769 hospitals in 92 countries that participated in WHO's safe surgery saves lives initiative. We used hospital bed figures from 190 WHO member states to estimate the number of operating theatres per 100 000 people in 21 subregions throughout the world. To estimate availability of pulse oximetry, we sent surveys to anaesthesia providers in 72 countries selected to ensure a geographically and demographically diverse sample. A predictive regression model was used to estimate the pulse oximetry need for countries that did not provide data.

Findings

The estimated number of operating theatres ranged from 1·0 (95% CI 0·9—1·2) per 100 000 people in west sub-Saharan Africa to 25·1 (20·9—30·1) per 100 000 in eastern Europe. High-income subregions all averaged more than 14 per 100 000 people, whereas all low-income subregions, representing 2·2 billion people, had fewer than two theatres per 100 000. Pulse oximetry data from 54 countries suggested that around 77 700 (63 195—95 533) theatres worldwide (19·2% [15·2—23·9]) were not equipped with pulse oximeters.

Interpretation: Improvements in public-health strategies and monitoring are needed to reduce disparities for more than 2 billion people without adequate access to surgical care.

Funding: WHO……………”

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