Friday, October 15, 2010

[EQ] The Global Gender Gap Index 2010

The Global Gender Gap Index 2010

Ricardo Hausmann, Harvard University

Laura D. Tyson, University of California, Berkeley

Saadia Zahidi,World Economic Forum

World Economic Forum - Geneva, Switzerland 2010

 

Available online PDF [334p.] at: http://bit.ly/9RPlNg

“….., is a framework for capturing the magnitude and scope of gender-based disparities and tracking their progress.
The Index benchmarks national gender gaps on economic, political, education- and health based criteria, and provides country rankings that allow for effective comparisons across regions and income groups, and over time.

The rankings are designed to create greater awareness among a global audience of the challenges posed by gender gaps and the opportunities created by reducing them. The methodology and quantitative analysis behind the rankings are intended to serve as a basis for designing effective measures for reducing gender gaps.

 

The first part of this chapter reviews the underlying concepts employed in creating the Global Gender Gap Index and outlines the methods used to calculate the Index. The second part of this chapter presents the 2010 rankings, global patterns and regional performance and calls attention to notable country cases. Next, we provide an overview of the links between gender gaps and the economic performance of countries. In the fourth part of this chapter, we have also provided information on the trends revealed by the Index in the five years that we have been producing it.

The Country Profiles contained in Part 2 of this Report give a more detailed picture of the relative strengths and weaknesses of each country’s performance compared with that of other nations. The first page of each profile contains detailed information on over 30 gender-related variables, presenting both the original data used to create the Index and other variables that reflect some of the legal and social factors affecting gender disparity in each country.


Measuring the Global Gender Gap -
There are three basic concepts underlying the Global Gender Gap Index:
First, it focuses on measuring gaps rather than levels.
Second, it captures gaps in outcome variables rather than gaps in means or input variables.

Third, it ranks countries according to gender equality rather than women’s empowerment. ………”

Preface
PART 1: MEASURING THE GLOBAL GENDER GAP

The Global Gender Gap Index 2010

Appendix A: Tracking the Gender Gap over Time

Appendix B: Regional and Income Group Classifications, 2010

Appendix C: The Spread of Minimum and Maximum Values by Indicator

PART 2: COUNTRY PROFILES 43

List of Countries

User’s Guide: How Country Profiles Work

 

 

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This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KMC Area]

“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.
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[EQ] Hospitalization Disparities by Socio-Economic Status for Males and Females - CIHI Canada

Hospitalization Disparities by Socio-Economic Status for Males and Females

The Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI) October 2010

Available online at: http://bit.ly/bidVlk

“…..Research, including previous CPHI analyses (Reducing Gaps in Health report, 2008), has demonstrated consistently higher hospitalization rates for people from lower socio-economic areas. New analyses presented in this report expand on those findings by examining the size and cost of disparities in hospitalization rates between socio-economic status groups across Canada's 33 largest cities. Since research has shown the relationship between socio-economic status and health to differ by sex, results are presented separately for males and females.

 The foci of the analysis are ambulatory care sensitive conditions and mental illness - conditions for which hospitalization could potentially be avoided with adequate primary health care.

This analysis examines disparities in hospitalization rates across socio-economic groups for Canada’s census metropolitan areas.


The analysis builds on previous research that has illustrated hospitalization disparities by socio-economic status in Canada—lower socio-economic groups have consistently higher hospitalization rates.1–8 Canadian research also suggests that the relationship between socio-economic status and health differs by sex.9, 10

Research shows there is variability in hospitalization rates that may be the result of differences in access to primary health care, including physician supply.11–13

This analysis focuses on ambulatory care sensitive conditions and mental health, as these are conditions for which hospitalization could potentially be avoided with adequate primary health care.14, 15

This analysis addresses the following research questions: Are there disparities in hospitalization rates across socio-economic groups for both males and females? Do the magnitude and cost of these disparities differ by sex?

 

Key Findings

Hospitalization disparities across socio-economic groups exist for both sexes for ambulatory care sensitive conditions and mental illness, and they are consistently observed across census metropolitan areas in Canada.

• The magnitude of disparities is generally higher for males than females when measured by excess hospitalization rates.i

• For both sexes, excess rates associated with socio-economic status account for an estimated 33% to 40% of hospitalization rates.

 

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This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KMC Area]

“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.
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[EQ] 2010 Global Hunger Index: The Crisis of Child Undernutrition

Global Hunger Index

The Challenge of Hunger: Focus on the Crisis of Child Undernutrition

International Food Policy Research Institute – October 11, 2010

Available online PDF [56p.] at:  http://bit.ly/9vdYv2

 .Malnutrition among children under two years of age is one of the leading challenges to reducing global hunger and can cause lifelong harm to health, productivity, and earning potential, according to the 2010 Global Hunger Index (GHI).

“……The Index scores countries based on three equally weighted indicators:
- the proportion of people who are undernourished,
- the proportion of children under five who are underweight, and
- the child mortality rate. The biggest contributor to the global score is child undernutrition, which accounts for almost half of the score….”


Content

Summary

Chapter 01 The Concept of the Global Hunger Index

Chapter 02 Global, Regional, and National Trends

Chapter 03 Fighting the Crisis of Early Childhood Undernutrition The Thousand-Day Window of Opportunity

Chapter 04 Community Perspectives on Early Childhood Undernutrition “Now We See It Is a Problem and We Know How to Address It”

Chapter 05 Tackling Early Childhood Undernutrition Policy Recommendations

Appendix

Press Release

Improve Child Nutrition to Reduce Global Hunger, Says New Global Hunger Index
Download: English | Français | Español | Arabic | Chinese | Swahili

 

 *      *     *
This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues.  [DD/ KMC Area]

“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.
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