Health Equity: 07/29/10

Thursday, July 29, 2010

[EQ] Helping poorer countries make locally informed health decisions

Helping poorer countries make locally informed health decisions

Kalipso Chalkidou, director1, Ruth Levine, vice president for programmes and operations2, Andrew Dillon, chief executive3

1 NICE International, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London
2 Centre for Global Development, Washington, DC USA,
3 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London
Published 16 July 2010, doi:10.1136/bmj.c3651 - BMJ 2010;341:c3651

Available online at: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/341/jul16_1/c3651

….Health spending in low income countries is too often driven by outside pressure rather than local evidence. ….

“…….With more money available for health in poorer countries, as well as increasing demand for services and new products, policy makers are looking for ways to expand access, reduce out of pocket spending, and improve outcomes without bankrupting national budgets.

Decisions are still largely driven by historical norms, the priorities of foreign donors, and lobbying pressures, and it is uncommon for countries to have functional mechanisms for making decisions based on their own needs. However, demand is growing from foreign governments and funding agencies to give countries technical and strategic support to develop the capability to make decisions based on local evidence and values.

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has been working in partnership with national governments to strengthen local decision making. We use this experience to suggest ways in which decision makers can be empowered locally…….”

“……The challenge facing governments, global institutions, and funders is how to convert knowledge, experience, funding, and enthusiasm into real and sustained change. This requires at least three things: local data, local technical expertise, and local institutions. …..”

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[EQ] Intellectual Property and Developing Countries

Intellectual Property and Developing Countries

A review of the literature

Emmanuel Hassan, Ohid Yaqub, Stephanie Diepeveen

Prepared for the UK Intellectual Property Office and the UK Department for International Development

The RAND Corporation – 2010

Available online as PDF file at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2010/RAND_TR804.pdf

The report is divided into five chapters corresponding to the areas proposed by the Intellectual Property Office IPO. Each chapter reviews the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence for and against strong intellectual property rights in developing countries from the perspective of both developed and developing countries. The report concludes with a discussion of the knowledge gaps that exist in the literature and suggests directions for future research

Executive summary

CHAPTER 1 Introduction

Main findings from past research

Intellectual property rights, foreign direct investment and international trade

Intellectual property rights, international technology transfer and domestic innovation

Intellectual property rights and public health

Intellectual property rights, genetic resources and traditional knowledge

Future research directions

Intellectual property rights, foreign direct investment, trade and licensing

Intellectual property rights, international technology transfer and domestic innovation

Intellectual property rights and public health

Intellectual property rights, genetic resources and traditional knowledge

CHAPTER 2 Intellectual property and foreign direct investment

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Intellectual property and foreign direct investment: the theory

2.2.1 The case for stronger intellectual property rights

2.2.2 The case against stronger intellectual property rights

2.3 Intellectual property and foreign direct investment: the empirical evidence

2.3.1 Evidence from the perspective of developed countries

2.3.2 Evidence from the perspective of developing countries

2.4 Conclusions and future research directions

CHAPTER 3 Intellectual property and trade

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Intellectual property and trade: the theory

3.2.1 The case for stronger intellectual property rights

3.2.2 The case against stronger intellectual property rights

3.3 Intellectual property and trade: the empirical evidence

3.3.1 Evidence from the perspective of developed countries

3.3.2 Evidence from the perspective of developing countries

3.4 Conclusions and future research directions

CHAPTER 4 Intellectual property and innovation

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Intellectual property rights and innovation: the theory

4.2.1 The case for stronger intellectual property rights

4.2.2 The case against stronger intellectual property rights

4.3 Intellectual property and innovation: the empirical evidence

4.3.1 Evidence on international technology transfer

4.3.2 Evidence on domestic innovation

4.4 Conclusions and future research directions

CHAPTER 5 Intellectual property and public health

5.1 Introduction

5.2 The importance of patents for pharmaceutical innovation

5.3 Intellectual property rights and access to innovations

5.3.1 Patents are taken out only in selected countries

5.3.2 Accessing healthcare innovations by lowering prices

5.4 Intellectual property rights and innovation for health

5.4.1 Limits in using intellectual property rights to address developing country problems

5.4.2 Creating conditions for more effective intellectual property policy

5.5 Conclusions and further research directions

CHAPTER 6 Intellectual property, genetic resources and traditional knowledge

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Intellectual property, traditional knowledge and genetic resources: the theory

6.2.1 An emerging field of research

6.2.2 Assumptions about the nature of traditional knowledge

6.2.3 Human rights discourse

6.3 Intellectual property, genetic resources and traditional knowledge: the empirical evidence

6.3.1 Evidence from the perspective of developed countries

6.3.2 Evidence from the perspective of developing countries

6.4 Conclusions and further research directions

CHAPTER 7 Conclusion

References

Appendix: International patent protection – 1960–2005

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[EQ] Submit Workshop Proposals for 2011 Farmworker Health Conference

2011 National Farmworker Health Conference Call for Workshops

Manejo del Crecimiento (Managing Growth): Migrant Health Programs and Partners

May 11-13, 2011 - Delray Beach Marriott, FL

Submit Workshop Proposal

Conference Overview
Health care reform will bring many changes to the health care system and will lead the way for a transformation of how health care is delivered in the United States and the territories. Community, migrant, homeless, and public housing programs will be looked upon to expand services for 45 million patients by 2015.

This unprecedented growth under health care reform will require that migrant health programs are aware of the opportunities, the challenges, and the paths to managing growth for their organizations, their patients, and their communities.

Submit workshop proposals on the following topics and others that you may find of relevance to the migrant health programs and migrant and seasonal farmworker populations:

· Program Specific

o Health Care Reform (HCR)

o Portability

o Funding Opportunities

o Shortage designation

o Pesticides

o Occupational Saftey Health Administration (OSHA)

o U.S. Department of Agriculture Programs(USDA)

o Medicaid/Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)/Medicare

o National Advisory Council on Migrant Health

o Medical Homes/Accountable Care Organizations

o Farmworker (FW) program partners/advocacy

· Operations Specific

o EHR meaningful use

o Planning for growth – successful applications (migrant)

o Integrated delivery services

o Outreach

o Community Health Worker (CHW)/Promotoras

o Accreditations

o Board

o Migrant Health (MH) 101

o Clinical

§ Performance measures

§ Health Plan

§ Telehealth

§ Delivery models

§ Behavioral/substance abuse

§ Population Disease management

Submission Deadline
The deadline for the final round in the Call for Workshops for the 2010 National Farmworker Health (Farmworker) Conference is October 1, 2010.

Submission Process
To submit your workshop proposal for the 2011 Farmworker Conference, go to www.NACHCLiveLEARNING.com and click, Submit Workshop Proposal.
Or, click here.

For more information, contact: John Ruiz jruiz@nachc.com or Carla Brathwaite cbrathwaite@nachc.com, or call(301) 347-0400.

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