Friday, February 11, 2011

[EQ] Global Status report on alcohol and health 2011

Global Status report on alcohol and health 2011

World Health Organization – WHO

Available online PDF [85p.] at: http://bit.ly/fc5Ms9

“…The Global status report on alcohol and health (2011) presents a comprehensive perspective on the global, regional and country consumption of alcohol, patterns of drinking, health consequences and policy responses in Member States. It represents a continuing effort by the World Health Organization (WHO) to support Member States in collecting information in order to assist them in their efforts to reduce the harmful use of alcohol, and its health and social consequences….”

Country profiles by country name: http://bit.ly/hJ9FbB

Country profiles by WHO Region:

· Africa pdf, 420kb

· The Americas pdf, 358kb

· Eastern Mediterranean pdf, 337kb

· Europe pdf, 646kb

· South-East Asia pdf, 999kb

· Western Pacific pdf, 1.97Mb

CONTENTS

Introduction

1. Consumption

1.1 How much do people drink? 3

1.1.1 Total adult per capita consumption 4

1.1.2 Unrecorded alcohol consumption 4

1.1.3 Adult per capita consumption and income of countries 6

1.1.4 Most consumed alcoholic beverages 6

1.2 Changes in alcohol consumption over time 8

1.2.1 Trends in adult per capita consumption since 1990 8

1.2.2 Five-year change 2001–2005 in alcohol use 9

1.3 Alcohol consumption among young people 10

1.4 Patterns of drinking 12

1.4.1 Abstention 12

1.4.2 Patterns of drinking score 14

1.4.3 Heavy episodic drinking 16

2. Consequences 20

2.1 Alcohol and health 20

2.1.1 How alcohol causes disease and injury 20

2.2 The burden of disease attributable to alcohol 23

2.2.1 Alcohol-attributable mortality 24

2.2.2 Alcohol-attributable burden of disease and injury 29

2.2.3 Alcohol consumption compared to other health risks 31

2.2.4 Alcohol, health and economic development 33

2.3 Harm to society 34

2.3.1 Harm to other people 35

2.3.2 Harm to society at large 36

3. Policies and interventions 40

3.1 Leadership 42

3.2 Availability of alcohol 43

3.3 Prices and taxes 45

3.4 Drinking and driving 46

3.5 Alcohol advertising and marketing 49

3.6 Raising awareness 52

3.7 Treatment 53

3.8 Conclusion 53

References

Appendix I Country profi les

Appendix II Additional indicators

Appendix III Alcohol consumption data

Appendix IV Data sources and methods

* * *
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[EQ] Executive Course on Global Health Diplomacy

Executive Course on Global Health Diplomacy

June 6-10, 2011 – Geneva Switzerland

Website: http://bit.ly/gpGAIZ

Global Health Programme - Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies
Course Director: Professor Dr Ilona Kickbusch

“……Diplomacy is undergoing profound changes in the 21st century – and global health is one of the areas where this is most apparent. The negotiation processes that shape and manage the global policy environment for health are increasingly conducted not only between public health experts representing health ministries of nation states but include many other major players at the national level and in the global arena.

These include philanthropists and public-private players. As health moves beyond the purely technical to become an ever more critical element in foreign policy, security policy and trade agreements, new skills are needed to negotiate global regimes, international agreements and treaties, and to maintain relations with a wide range of actors.

The summer course will focus on health diplomacy as it relates to health issues that transcend national boundaries and are global in nature, discuss the challenges efore it, and how they are being addressed by different groups and at different levels of governance.

Course Highlights

Deliberations on Intellectual Property Rights, The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, the International Health Regulations, the creation of new finance mechanisms such as the Global Fund for Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria or UNITAID, as well as the response to SARS and Avian Flu are cases in point and will provide the real-life backdrop to the discussions.
The programme will also discuss approaches to policy coherence at the national level, such as “national global health strategies” and at the level of regional organisations….”

Course topics include:

· Introduction to global health, global health diplomacy and global health governance

· Health and foreign policy

· Coordination at the national and regional level for global health

· The actors, stakeholders and interest in global health governance and diplomacy

· The dynamics of global health negotiations

· Key methods, processes, instruments and mechanisms in global health diplomacy

· Cross cutting issues: Understanding the widening content of diplomacy and the key interface with health

[EQ] South Asia at Health Crossroads with High Rates of Heart Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity

South Asia at Health Crossroads with High Rates of Heart Disease, Diabetes, and Obesity

World bank February 2011

Available online PDF [127p.] at: http://bit.ly/dXVL2k

February 9, 2011 - “……The unfair burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is especially harsh on poor people, who, after heart attacks, face life-long major illnesses, have to pay for most of their care out of their savings or by selling their possessions, and then find themselves caught in a poverty trap where they can’t get better and they can’t work……..” - Michael Engelgau,.

South Asia is home to a large, fast-growing population with a substantial proportion living in poverty. The population is relatively young and average life expectancy is now at 64 years and rising. Lifestyle changes associated with urbanization and globalization is increasing the risk factors and disease onset at younger ages. As a result, South Asians are becoming more vulnerable to heart disease, cancers, diabetes, and obesity, and creating significant new pressures on health systems to treat and care for them. The current health systems have failed to to adjust to people’s changing needs.

Over half of the disease burden is now attributable to Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs), and therefore a larger share than communicable diseases, maternal and child health issues, and nutritional causes combined. This pattern is similar to that of high-income countries decades ago. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of both deaths and forgone disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in working-age adults (15–69 years). By contrast, communicable diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, respiratory infections, and water- and vectorborne disease) still remain prominent in the total population creating what is referred to as a “double-disease burden.”

Tackling NCDs early on with better prevention and treatment would significantly spare poor people the crushing burden of poor health, lost earnings, deepening poverty, and the risk of disability and premature death, which are becoming all too common in the changing demographics of the region….”

Content:

Executive Summary

Chapter 1: Chapter 1: Regional Aging and Disease Burden

Chapter 2: Chapter 2: Country-level Aging and Disease Burden

Why the Need to Act Now

Chapter 3: Chapter 3: Rationale for Action

Chapter 4: Chapter 4: Opportunities for Prevention and Control

How to Respond

Chapter 5: Chapter 5: Developing a Policy Options Framework for Prevention and Control of NCDs

Chapter 6: Chapter 6: Country Capacity and Accomplishments and Application fo the Policy Options Framework

Chapter 7: Chapter 7: Regional Strategies for NCD Prevention and Control

Chapter 8: References

Appendices

Appendix 1: Country Capacity Assessments

Appendix 2: Economic Rationale for Public Policy to Address NCDs

Appendix 3: Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries

Chapter 12: Appendix 4: Aligning Policy Options with Burden and Capacity

Chapter 13: Appendix 5: Capacity, Key Accomplishments and Situational Analysis for NCDs in South Asian Countries

Country NCDs Policy Briefs

[EQ] Vacancy: Manager, Health Systems based on Primary Health Care

Vacancy: Manager, Health Systems based on Primary Health Care PAHO/WHO http://bit.ly/e86ZP8

Vacancy Notice No: PAHO/09/FT774 Grade: D1

For a copy of the vacancy notice visit Website: http://bit.ly/e86ZP8

“…….Develop sound technical cooperation programs that develop and strengthen primary health care based health systems, health policies, health services and programs, technologies and medicines, health investment and financing, and development of human resources for health.

Support country and territory capacities, facilitate inter-country networks and cooperation, and implement and evaluate inter-sectorial approaches. …”