Health Inequalities Intervention Toolkit
UK Association of Public Health Observatories and Department of Health, 2010
Available online at: http://bit.ly/b8b5TY
- View trends in infant death rates and find information on factors which may influence infant mortality.
- Assess the impact of modifying the factors which contribute to higher infant death rates in the routine and manual group compared to all births within marriage/joint registrations.
- Find latest data on gaps in life expectancy between Spearhead areas and England.
- Access tables and charts which show the causes of death, and age groups, which are driving these health inequalities.
- Assess the impact that evidence-based interventions can have on reducing the inequality in life expectancy between Spearhead areas and England.
(Includes new intervention on blood sugar control.)
- Find information on within, as well as between, area inequalities.
- Access data on gaps in life expectancy between the most deprived quintile of each local authority in England, and a range of comparator areas.
- Estimate the effect on life expectancy if certain evidence-based interventions are increased.
Context for the Toolkit
To support Primary Care Trusts and local authorities, the Association of Public Health Observatories and Department of Health have developed the Health Inequalities Intervention Toolkit.
This is designed to assist evidence-based local service planning and commissioning, including Joint Strategic Needs Assessments.
The Tools
The toolkit contains tools to support planning to achieve both objectives within the national health inequalities target.
Life Expectancy Tools
There are currently separate tools for Spearhead areas only, and one for all local authorities in England. Besides supporting planning to help meet the national health inequalities target, the tools can also be used to help meet targets set within Local Area Agreements, or as national priorities within the 2010 Operating Framework, particularly the Vital Signs and LAA National Indicator Set indicator for reducing All Age All Cause Mortality.
Latest data Spearhead Tool – Life Expectancy Gaps
The tool for Spearhead areas has been updated and is available for the first time as a web-based application within the intervention toolkit. The tool presents gaps in life expectancy between each Spearhead area and England as a whole, based on data for 2006-08. An improved set of tables and charts are available which illustrate the causes of death, and age groups, which are making the greatest contributions to these gaps. To access the tool click the Spearhead Tool – Life Expectancy Gaps button at the top of this page.
New Spearhead Tool – Commissioning interventions
This part of the Spearhead tool has been fully revised. To support commissioning decisions, it allows users to model the impact that systematically implementing evidence-based interventions at scale can have on reducing inequalities in life expectancy and All Age All Cause Mortality between each Spearhead area and England. A new intervention illustrates the gains in life expectancy which can be made by lowering levels of high blood sugar. This supplements the original interventions (increasing numbers of smoking quitters, lowering infant mortality, and prescribing antihypertensives and statins) which have also been updated within this latest version of the tool.
New Infant Mortality Tool
The Infant Mortality tool contains data for Strategic Health Authorities in England and for those local authorities with high numbers of infant deaths in the Routine and Manual (R&M) group. For Strategic Health Authorities, the tool:
•Presents trends in infant death rates for the R&M group, births within marriage and joint registrations, and sole registrations.
•Shows the factors which are contributing to the gap in infant mortality between the R&M group and births within marriage and joint registrations (such as such as smoking in pregnancy, poverty, maternal obesity and failure to initiate breastfeeding) and allows users to assess the impact of modifying these factors.
•Brings together background data on factors which may influence infant mortality, such as deprivation, low birthweight and ethnicity.
Background data and charts of trends in infant mortality are also presented for those local authorities included within the tool. A link to further resources which may help address inequalities in infant mortality is also available.
Health Inequalities Intervention Tool for All Areas
The tool provides data on gaps in life expectancy between the most deprived quintile of each local authority and a range of comparator areas, including an analysis of the causes of death which contribute most to these gaps.
The tool also allows local authorities to estimate the effect on their life expectancy if certain evidence based interventions are increased.
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