Tuesday, April 8, 2008

[EQ] The Essential Public Health Functions as a Strategy for Improving Overall Health Systems Performance

The Essential Public Health Functions as a Strategy for Improving Overall Health Systems Performance:
Trends and Challenges since the Public Health in the Americas Initiative, 2000-2007

 

Caroline Ramagem and José Ruales, Area of Health Systems Strengthening, Washington, D.C. February 2008

Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO)

 

Available online as PDF file [20p.] at: http://www.paho.org/english/DPM/SHD/HR/EPHF_2000-2007.pdf

 

“…..The Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) defines the Essential Public Health Functions (EPHF) as the indispensable set of actions, under the primary responsibility of the state, that are fundamental for achieving the goal of public health which is to improve, promote, protect, and restore the health of the population through collective action.

Through the Public Health in the Americas Initiative, PAHO/WHO defined the 11 Essential Public Health Functions and developed a methodology that allows countries to evaluate in a comprehensive manner their public health systems. As part of the Initiative, 41 countries and territories of the Region of the Americas applied the assessment tool…”

 

Essential Public Health Function

EPHF 1   - Monitoring, evaluation, and analysis of health status

EPHF 2   - Surveillance, research, and control of the risks and threats to public health

EPHF 3   - Health promotion

EPHF 4   - Social participation in health

EPHF 5   - Development of policies and institutional capacity for public health planning and management

EPHF 6   - Strengthening of public health regulation and enforcement capacity

EPHF 7   - Evaluation and promotion of equitable access to necessary health services

EPHF 8   - Human resources development and training in public health

EPHF 9   - Quality assurance in personal and population-based health services

EPHF 10 - Research in public health

EPHF 11 - Reduction of the impact of emergencies and disasters on health

 

Strengthening the EPHF – Experience from  WHO Regions

 

Regional Office for Europe (EURO)

The European Office of WHO has started a process of defining and developing a performance evaluation methodology that can be applied to public health services. A

Core Expert Group on the topic was created and was given the task of developing a Discussion Paper identifying the Essential Public Health Functions (EPHF) and

proposing a methodological framework for their assessment, in the context of European countries. The methodology will be a comprehensive questionnaire for the identification of strengths and weaknesses in public health systems and a computer-based self-assessment tool. The Discussion Paper is currently undergoing consultations.

 

Regional Office for South-East Asia (SEARO)

In a significant step towards strengthening public health in the South-East Asia (SEA) Region, SEARO has launched the “South-East Asia Public Health Initiative, 2004-2008.” This initiative aims to achieve the following five major goals: (i) position public health high on the regional and national agendas, and to generate strong commitment by national policy makers; (ii) support the strengthening of public health education in the countries of the SEA Region; (iii) enhance technical cooperation on the development of national public health training institution(s) in selected countries; (iv) facilitate the establishment of a public health education institutions’ network and foster regular interaction among them; and (v) help countries to define an appropriate package of essential public health functions tailored to each country’s situation and needs and support them to implement these functions.

 

Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WPRO)

Between 2000 and 2003, the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific embarked on a process of EPHF definition and assessment. The process consisted on the development of a framework for the definition of the EPHF relevant for the Western Pacific Region, followed by the identification of an evaluation methodology and its application in Fiji, Malaysia and Vietnam. Nine EPHF were identified and a range of methods were used, which included, among others, document analysis, interviews, and surveys, adapted to the context of each country. The selection of Fiji, Malaysia and Vietnam was based on the relevance of the countries for others in the Western Pacific region (considerations of geography; differing socioeconomic, demographic and epidemiological situations; and the organization of the health systems). Finally, proposals for the strengthening and sustainable delivery of functions were to be identified in each country where the methodology was applied.

 

One of the main findings of the study was that primary health care was found to be crucial to the sustainable delivery of the EPHF. In the three countries surveyed, the

key structural approach for delivering EPHF is through integration into PHC, which represents a significant portion of health service delivery in the three contexts. The study

also found that the main challenges for the optimal delivery of EPHF were: tensions between externally funded programs (especially vertical programs) and implementation

of the EPHF; inadequate capacity in research, development and implementation of innovative public health solutions, and inadequate funding as planning and allocation processes are dominated by hospital practitioners….”

 

 

EPHF's Publications

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alt="Salud Publica">

Public Health in the Americas - conceptual renewal, performance assessment and bases for action

Available online as PDF file [375p.] at:  

http://www.lachealthsys.org/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=228

alt="FESP Brasil">

A gestão da saúde nos estados: avaliação e fortalecimento das funções essenciais

alt="FESP Peru">

Evaluación del Desempeño de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública a Nivel Regional en el Perú - 48.42 Mb

alt="cover_redcolombia_es.jpg" title="cover_redcolombia_es.jpg">

Sistematizacion Experiencias en desarrollo de políticas de investigación en salud pública Red Colombia - Resumén

Sistematizacion Experiencias en desarrollo de políticas de investigación en salud pública Red Colombia - (225 pags)

 

 

Documents

 Public Health in the Americas - conceptual renewal, performance assessment and bases for action  


Descripción del Instrumento de Medición del Desempeño de las FESP

 

 Guía de Aplicación del Instrumento de Medición del Desempeño de las FESP

 

 Instrumento de Medición del Desempeño de las FESP

 

 Instrumento de Medição de Desempenho das Funções Essenciais de Saúde Pública

 

 Instrument pour la mesure de la performance des fonctions essentielles de santé publique

 

 Guide pour l’application de l’instrument de mesure de la performance des FESP

 

 Instrument pour la mesure de la performance des fonctions essentielles de santé publique

 

 Instrument for Performance Measurement of Essential Public Health Functions  

 

 Guidelines for Applying the Instrument for the Performance Measurement of EPHF's

 

 Measurement Instrument for Performance Measurement of Essential Public Health Functions

 

 Harmonization of EPHF with the Functional Classification of Expenditure (FCE)

 

 Armonización de las FESP con la Clasificación Funcional del Gasto (CFG)

 

 Strengthening the capacity of the public health workforce in support of the EPHF and MDG's

 

 Public Health Workforce: Selected literature review

 

 The Public Health Workforce: Its characterization and development from a gender perspective

 

 The Public Health Workforce: Its characterization and development from an ethnic perspective

 

 Strategies for Developing Public Health Competencies in the Health Workforce: Based on current policy

 

 Fortalecimiento de la Capacidad de la Fuerza de Trabajo en Salud Pública en apoyo a las FESP y ODM's

 

 Fuerza de Trabajo en Salud Pública: Su caracterización y desarrollo desde una perspectiva de género

 

 Fuerza de Trabajo en Salud Pública: Su caracterización y desarrollo desde una perspectiva étnica

 

 Estrategias para desarrollar las competencias para la salud pública en la fuerza de trabajo

 

 A gestão da saúde nos estados: avaliação e fortalecimento das funções essenciais.

 

 Salud Publica en las Americas - Libro

 

 Evaluación del Desempeño de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública a Nivel Regional en el Perú
 

 Lineamientos de Política Nacional para la Gestion del Conocimiento en Salud Publica - Colombia 2005

 

 Public Health Capacity in Latin America and the Caribbean: Assessment and Strengtheninghot!  

 

 Capacidades en Salud Pública en América Latina y el Caribe: Evaluación y Fortalecimiento

 

 Sistematizacion Experiencias en desarrollo de políticas de investigación en salud pública

 

 Sistematizacion Experiencias en desarrollo de políticas de investigación en salud pública - Resumén

 

 Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - Costa Rica

 

 Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - El Salvador

 

 Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - Nicaragua

 

 Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - Puerto Rico

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Argentina : Tucuman

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Argentina : Buenos Aires

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Bogota

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Bogota 2007

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Caldas

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Cali

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Perú

 

 Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Brasil  

 

 

 

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