The Essential Public Health Functions as a Strategy for Improving Overall Health Systems Performance:
Trends and Challenges since the Public Health in the
Caroline Ramagem and José Ruales, Area of Health Systems Strengthening,
Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO)
Available online as PDF file [20p.] at: http://www.paho.org/english/DPM/SHD/HR/EPHF_2000-2007.pdf
“…..The Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) defines the Essential Public Health Functions (EPHF) as the indispensable set of actions, under the primary responsibility of the state, that are fundamental for achieving the goal of public health which is to improve, promote, protect, and restore the health of the population through collective action.
Through the Public Health in the Americas Initiative, PAHO/WHO defined the 11 Essential Public Health Functions and developed a methodology that allows countries to evaluate in a comprehensive manner their public health systems. As part of the Initiative, 41 countries and territories of the Region of the
Essential Public Health Function
EPHF 1 - Monitoring, evaluation, and analysis of health status
EPHF 2 - Surveillance, research, and control of the risks and threats to public health
EPHF 3 - Health promotion
EPHF 4 - Social participation in health
EPHF 5 - Development of policies and institutional capacity for public health planning and management
EPHF 6 - Strengthening of public health regulation and enforcement capacity
EPHF 7 - Evaluation and promotion of equitable access to necessary health services
EPHF 8 - Human resources development and training in public health
EPHF 9 - Quality assurance in personal and population-based health services
EPHF 10 - Research in public health
EPHF 11 - Reduction of the impact of emergencies and disasters on health
Strengthening the EPHF – Experience from WHO Regions
Regional Office for
The European Office of WHO has started a process of defining and developing a performance evaluation methodology that can be applied to public health services. A
Core Expert Group on the topic was created and was given the task of developing a Discussion Paper identifying the Essential Public Health Functions (EPHF) and
proposing a methodological framework for their assessment, in the context of European countries. The methodology will be a comprehensive questionnaire for the identification of strengths and weaknesses in public health systems and a computer-based self-assessment tool. The Discussion Paper is currently undergoing consultations.
Regional Office for
In a significant step towards strengthening public health in the South-East Asia (SEA) Region, SEARO has launched the “South-East Asia Public Health Initiative, 2004-2008.” This initiative aims to achieve the following five major goals: (i) position public health high on the regional and national agendas, and to generate strong commitment by national policy makers; (ii) support the strengthening of public health education in the countries of the SEA Region; (iii) enhance technical cooperation on the development of national public health training institution(s) in selected countries; (iv) facilitate the establishment of a public health education institutions’ network and foster regular interaction among them; and (v) help countries to define an appropriate package of essential public health functions tailored to each country’s situation and needs and support them to implement these functions.
Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WPRO)
Between 2000 and 2003, the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific embarked on a process of EPHF definition and assessment. The process consisted on the development of a framework for the definition of the EPHF relevant for the Western Pacific Region, followed by the identification of an evaluation methodology and its application in
One of the main findings of the study was that primary health care was found to be crucial to the sustainable delivery of the EPHF. In the three countries surveyed, the
key structural approach for delivering EPHF is through integration into PHC, which represents a significant portion of health service delivery in the three contexts. The study
also found that the main challenges for the optimal delivery of EPHF were: tensions between externally funded programs (especially vertical programs) and implementation
of the EPHF; inadequate capacity in research, development and implementation of innovative public health solutions, and inadequate funding as planning and allocation processes are dominated by hospital practitioners….”
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Documents
Public Health in the Americas - conceptual renewal, performance assessment and bases for action
Descripción del Instrumento de Medición del Desempeño de las FESP
Guía de Aplicación del Instrumento de Medición del Desempeño de las FESP
Instrumento de Medición del Desempeño de las FESP
Instrumento de Medição de Desempenho das Funções Essenciais de Saúde Pública
Instrument pour la mesure de la performance des fonctions essentielles de santé publique
Guide pour l’application de l’instrument de mesure de la performance des FESP
Instrument pour la mesure de la performance des fonctions essentielles de santé publique
Instrument for Performance Measurement of Essential Public Health Functions
Guidelines for Applying the Instrument for the Performance Measurement of EPHF's
Measurement Instrument for Performance Measurement of Essential Public Health Functions
Harmonization of EPHF with the Functional Classification of Expenditure (FCE)
Armonización de las FESP con la Clasificación Funcional del Gasto (CFG)
Strengthening the capacity of the public health workforce in support of the EPHF and MDG's
Public Health Workforce: Selected literature review
The Public Health Workforce: Its characterization and development from a gender perspective
The Public Health Workforce: Its characterization and development from an ethnic perspective
Strategies for Developing Public Health Competencies in the Health Workforce: Based on current policy
Fortalecimiento de la Capacidad de la Fuerza de Trabajo en Salud Pública en apoyo a las FESP y ODM's
Fuerza de Trabajo en Salud Pública: Su caracterización y desarrollo desde una perspectiva de género
Fuerza de Trabajo en Salud Pública: Su caracterización y desarrollo desde una perspectiva étnica
Estrategias para desarrollar las competencias para la salud pública en la fuerza de trabajo
A gestão da saúde nos estados: avaliação e fortalecimento das funções essenciais.
Salud Publica en las Americas - Libro
Evaluación del Desempeño de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública a Nivel Regional en el Perú
Lineamientos de Política Nacional para la Gestion del Conocimiento en Salud Publica - Colombia 2005
Public Health Capacity in Latin America and the Caribbean: Assessment and Strengtheninghot!
Capacidades en Salud Pública en América Latina y el Caribe: Evaluación y Fortalecimiento
Sistematizacion Experiencias en desarrollo de políticas de investigación en salud pública
Sistematizacion Experiencias en desarrollo de políticas de investigación en salud pública - Resumén
Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - Costa Rica
Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - El Salvador
Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - Nicaragua
Experiencia Nacional de Fortalecimiento de las Funciones Esenciales de Salud Pública - Puerto Rico
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Argentina : Tucuman
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Argentina : Buenos Aires
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Bogota
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Bogota 2007
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Caldas
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Colombia : Cali
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Perú
Experiencia Sub Nacional de Fortalec. Funciones Esenciales Salud Pública - Brasil
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