Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,
(second edition) April 2009
Available online PDF [282p.] at: http://www.nice.org.uk/media/2FB/53/PHMethodsManual110509.pdf
“……..NICE produces guidance in four areas:
- public health – guidance for the promotion and protection of good health and the prevention of disease
- health technologies – guidance on the use of new and existing health technologies (including drugs, medical devices, diagnostic techniques and surgical procedures)
- interventional procedures – guidance on the efficacy and safety of surgical, endoscopic and endovascular procedures and allied techniques
- clinical practice – guidance on the appropriate treatment and care of people with specific diseases and conditions.
This manual describes the methods used by the Centre for Public Health Excellence (CPHE) in NICE to develop public health guidance
NICE’s methods and processes for developing public health guidance are based on a clear set of values and principles. The range of activities and topics covered
is inclusive.
It is based on a conceptual framework for public health (see appendix A). This comprises four vectors – population, environment, society and organisations – linked to human behaviour. They explain the patterns of potentially preventable diseases. Social differences in the population are linked to patterns of mortality and morbidity. These differences manifest themselves in a number of key areas including:
- conditions and diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, diabetes, vaccine-preventable infections
- behaviours such as smoking, drug or alcohol misuse, sexual activity, physical activity
- other factors affecting health such as environment, work, housing and transport
- accidents and injuries
- child and maternal health, mental health, oral health.
In any of these areas, public health activities may be direct (for example, providing contraceptive services or smoking cessation services) or indirect (for example, creating safe open spaces for physical activity as part of general work to upgrade the environment). Traditional public health issues (such as ensuring the health of pregnant and breastfeeding women) and other issues associated with the wider determinants of health are all covered.
In summary, NICE public health guidance considers a variety of approaches, from health promotion and public education campaigns, through uptake of immunisation and screening to activities such as community development. ……”
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 NICE guidance
1.2 Equality and social value judgements
1.3 Who is this manual for?
1.4 Framework for public health guidance
1.5 Types of knowledge and evidence
1.6 Stakeholders
1.7 Quality assurance principles
1.8 References and further reading
2 Topic selection and scoping the guidance
3 Determining the evidence for review and consideration
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Types of evidence
3.3 Types of review and types of research question
3.4 Planning reviews
3.5 Colloquial evidence
3.6 Equality and diversity
3.7 References and further reading
4 Identifying the evidence
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Phase one: constructing the search protocol
4.3 Phase two: developing the search strategy
4.4 Phase three: gathering the evidence, conducting searches and documenting the process
4.5 Equality and diversity
4.6 References
5 Reviewing the scientific evidence
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Selecting relevant evidence
5.3 Assessing the quality of the evidence
5.4 Extracting, synthesising and presenting the evidence
5.5 Deriving evidence statements
5.6 Assessing applicability
5.7 Published guidance
5.8 Equality and diversity
5.9 References and further reading
6 Incorporating health economics
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Reviewing economic evaluations
6.3 Prioritising areas for further economic analysis
6.4 Economic evidence and guidance recommendations
6.5 References and further reading
7 Developing recommendations
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Considering the evidence and other issues
7.3 Format and wording of recommendations
7.4 Revisions following fieldwork and stakeholder consultation
7.5 Considerations
7.6 Equality and diversity
7.7 Prioritising recommendations for implementation
7.8 Formulating research recommendations
7.9 Equality and diversity
7.10 Further reading
8 Testing the recommendations: fieldwork
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Aim of fieldwork
8.3 Guiding principles
8.4 Fieldwork commissioning
8.5 Approaches to fieldwork
8.6 Ethical approval
8.7 Quality standards for fieldwork methods
8.8 Fieldwork analysis
8.9 Fieldwork report
8.10 Using fieldwork findings to finalise recommendations
8.11 Equality and diversity
8.12 References and further reading
Appendix A Conceptual framework for the work of the Centre for Public Health Excellence (CPHE)
Appendix B Electronic resources
Appendix C Example of audit information to accompany search strategies
Appendix D Glossary of study designs
Appendix E Algorithm for classifying quantitative (experimental and observational) study designs
Appendix F Quality appraisal checklist – quantitative intervention studies
Appendix G Quality appraisal checklist – quantitative studies reporting correlations and associations
Appendix H Quality appraisal checklist – qualitative studies
Appendix I Quality appraisal checklist – economic evaluations
Appendix J Process for using review-level material in exceptional circumstances
Appendix K Evidence tables
Appendix L NICE review format
* * *
This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues. [DD/ KMS Area]
“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PAHO/WHO Website
Follow us on Twitter: http://twitter.com/eqpaho
Equity List - Archives - Join/remove: http://listserv.paho.org/Archives/equidad.html
IMPORTANT: This transmission is for use by the intended recipient and it may contain privileged, proprietary or confidential information. If you are not the intended recipient or a person responsible for delivering this transmission to the intended recipient, you may not disclose, copy or distribute this transmission or take any action in reliance on it. If you received this transmission in error, please notify us immediately by email to infosec@paho.org, and please dispose of and delete this transmission. Thank you.
No comments:
Post a Comment