Friday, July 30, 2010

[EQ] Strengthening Radiation Protection Worldwide - highlights, global perspective and future trends

Proceedings:

12th congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA12):

Strengthening Radiation Protection Worldwide — highlights, global perspective and future trends

Organized by the Argentine Radiation Protection Society in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency, the World Health Organization and the

Pan American Health Organization PAHO/WHO, hosted by the government of Argentina and held in Buenos Aires, 19–24 October 2008

International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA - Vienna, 2010

Available online PDF [350p.] at: http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub1460_web.pdf

The protection of people and the environment from the harmful effects of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, while permitting the development and use of radioactive materials and radiation producing devices and technologies for the benefit of society, is a crucial international endeavour.

Radiation is present everywhere in the natural environment and there are some industrial activities that lead to increased exposure to these natural sources.

The use of radioactive material and radiation producing devices is on the rise in medical diagnostic and therapy procedures. These procedures generally benefit the patients involved, but also present risks to both the patient and medical personnel involved in the procedures.

Plans to increase the development of nuclear power will require strong radiation protection programmes in mining, processing, transportation, and the use and disposal of nuclear and radioactive material. Radiation protection faces additional challenges with security screening, responses to potential acts and emergencies involving the release of radioactive material, and other industrial and research activities…”

To address radiation protection challenges, IRPA12’s scientific programme was divided into three areas:

—Epistemological basis of radiation protection, namely current knowledge of the physics and biology of radiation exposure
and its effects, particularly in relation to its scope, experimental methods and theoretical validity;
—Paradigm of radiation protection, namely universal conceptual models used to protect people from deleterious health effects due to radiation exposure;

—Radiation protection in practice, namely the actual application and use of radiation protection plans and methodologies by
practitioners and industries making use of radiation.

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This message from the Pan American Health Organization, PAHO/WHO, is part of an effort to disseminate
information Related to: Equity; Health inequality; Socioeconomic inequality in health; Socioeconomic
health differentials; Gender; Violence; Poverty; Health Economics; Health Legislation; Ethnicity; Ethics;
Information Technology - Virtual libraries; Research & Science issues. [DD/ KMC Area]

“Materials provided in this electronic list are provided "as is". Unless expressly stated otherwise, the findings
and interpretations included in the Materials are those of the authors and not necessarily of The Pan American
Health Organization PAHO/WHO or its country members”.
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[EQ] Social determinants of sexual and reproductive health: informing future research and programme implementation

Social determinants of sexual and reproductive health:
informing future research and programme implementation

Edited by Shawn Malarcher.

World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 159952 8 - 2010

Available online PDF [166p.] at: http://bit.ly/90KM6w

“…….While the last two decades have seen improvements in access to and utilization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, progress in many countries has been slow and – after decades of investments – disappointing. Social activists and health analysts have highlighted the potential role that persistent inequities in health play in hindering progress towards achieving international and national development goals.

Health inequity is defined as "inequalities in health deemed to be unfair or to stem from some form of injustice. The dimensions of being avoidable or unnecessary have often been added to this concept."

“….A primary concern of public health programmes is the existence of disparities in access to and utilization of health services and information. Data from population-based surveys document that women from the poorest households are less likely to use preventive and curative sexual and reproductive health services and products than women from the wealthiest households including use of modern contraceptives, antenatal care, skilled attendance at birth, and seek treatment for self-reported symptoms of sexually transmitted infection…………..”

Contents

1. A view of sexual and reproductive health through the equity lens - Shawn Malarcher

Section 1. Within the health system

2. Promote or discourage: how providers can influence service use - Paula Tavrow

3. Financing mechanisms to improve equity in service delivery - Dominic Montagu, Maura Graff

4. Scaling up health system innovations at the community level: a case-study of the Ghana experience

John Koku Awoonor-Williams, Maya N. Vaughan-Smith, James F. Phillips

Section 2. Beyond the clinic walls

5. Sexual and reproductive health and poverty - Andrew Amos Channon, Jane Falkingham, Zoë Matthews

6. Migration and women’s reproductive health -Helen Smith, Xu Qian

7. The role of schools in promoting sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in developing countries - Cynthia B. Lloyd

8. Sexual violence and coercion: implications for sexual and reproductive health - Sarah Bott
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2010/9789241599528_eng.pdf

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[EQ] Shared Principles of Ethics for Infant and Young Child Nutrition in the Developing World

Shared Principles of Ethics for Infant and Young Child Nutrition in the Developing World

Jerome Amir Singh1,2,3 , Abdallah S Daar1 and Peter A Singer1

1 McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

2 Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa

3 Joint Centre for Bioethics and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

BMC Public Health 2010

Available online at: http://bit.ly/97zsK6

“…..The Shared Principles of Ethics for Infant and Young Child Nutrition in the Developing World described herein is intended to unite stakeholders in a shared vision and common goal: reduce and eventually eliminate childhood malnutrition in the developing world through the scale-up of low cost, high quality complementary foods, using home available or locally procured ingredients wherever feasible.

The principles were drafted after a review of sources that have relevance to virtually all stakeholders and constituencies in the infant feeding arena. These include civil society codes of conduct, corporate social responsibility frameworks, governance frameworks, global health ethics frameworks, international health guidelines, consumer rights frameworks, and human rights instruments.

The proposed principles are intended to complement and supplement existing laws, trade regimes, international Codes, and international goals (see Additional file 1). In this paper, we outline our proposed shared principles for stakeholders in the complementary feeding arena…..”

Additional file 1. Existing laws, trade regimes, international codes, and international goals relevant to infant and child nutrition. This file contains the existing primary international instruments and position statements relevant to infant and child nutrition.
Format: DOC Size: 30KB Download file - This file can be viewed with: Microsoft Word Viewer

For further information, please contact Peter Singer: peter.singer@mrcglobal.org- http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/10/321

The McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health is based at University Health Network and University of Toronto.
The McLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health hosts Grand Challenges Canada.

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Thursday, July 29, 2010

[EQ] Helping poorer countries make locally informed health decisions

Helping poorer countries make locally informed health decisions

Kalipso Chalkidou, director1, Ruth Levine, vice president for programmes and operations2, Andrew Dillon, chief executive3

1 NICE International, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London
2 Centre for Global Development, Washington, DC USA,
3 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, London
Published 16 July 2010, doi:10.1136/bmj.c3651 - BMJ 2010;341:c3651

Available online at: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/341/jul16_1/c3651

….Health spending in low income countries is too often driven by outside pressure rather than local evidence. ….

“…….With more money available for health in poorer countries, as well as increasing demand for services and new products, policy makers are looking for ways to expand access, reduce out of pocket spending, and improve outcomes without bankrupting national budgets.

Decisions are still largely driven by historical norms, the priorities of foreign donors, and lobbying pressures, and it is uncommon for countries to have functional mechanisms for making decisions based on their own needs. However, demand is growing from foreign governments and funding agencies to give countries technical and strategic support to develop the capability to make decisions based on local evidence and values.

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has been working in partnership with national governments to strengthen local decision making. We use this experience to suggest ways in which decision makers can be empowered locally…….”

“……The challenge facing governments, global institutions, and funders is how to convert knowledge, experience, funding, and enthusiasm into real and sustained change. This requires at least three things: local data, local technical expertise, and local institutions. …..”

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[EQ] Intellectual Property and Developing Countries

Intellectual Property and Developing Countries

A review of the literature

Emmanuel Hassan, Ohid Yaqub, Stephanie Diepeveen

Prepared for the UK Intellectual Property Office and the UK Department for International Development

The RAND Corporation – 2010

Available online as PDF file at: http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical_reports/2010/RAND_TR804.pdf

The report is divided into five chapters corresponding to the areas proposed by the Intellectual Property Office IPO. Each chapter reviews the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence for and against strong intellectual property rights in developing countries from the perspective of both developed and developing countries. The report concludes with a discussion of the knowledge gaps that exist in the literature and suggests directions for future research

Executive summary

CHAPTER 1 Introduction

Main findings from past research

Intellectual property rights, foreign direct investment and international trade

Intellectual property rights, international technology transfer and domestic innovation

Intellectual property rights and public health

Intellectual property rights, genetic resources and traditional knowledge

Future research directions

Intellectual property rights, foreign direct investment, trade and licensing

Intellectual property rights, international technology transfer and domestic innovation

Intellectual property rights and public health

Intellectual property rights, genetic resources and traditional knowledge

CHAPTER 2 Intellectual property and foreign direct investment

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Intellectual property and foreign direct investment: the theory

2.2.1 The case for stronger intellectual property rights

2.2.2 The case against stronger intellectual property rights

2.3 Intellectual property and foreign direct investment: the empirical evidence

2.3.1 Evidence from the perspective of developed countries

2.3.2 Evidence from the perspective of developing countries

2.4 Conclusions and future research directions

CHAPTER 3 Intellectual property and trade

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Intellectual property and trade: the theory

3.2.1 The case for stronger intellectual property rights

3.2.2 The case against stronger intellectual property rights

3.3 Intellectual property and trade: the empirical evidence

3.3.1 Evidence from the perspective of developed countries

3.3.2 Evidence from the perspective of developing countries

3.4 Conclusions and future research directions

CHAPTER 4 Intellectual property and innovation

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Intellectual property rights and innovation: the theory

4.2.1 The case for stronger intellectual property rights

4.2.2 The case against stronger intellectual property rights

4.3 Intellectual property and innovation: the empirical evidence

4.3.1 Evidence on international technology transfer

4.3.2 Evidence on domestic innovation

4.4 Conclusions and future research directions

CHAPTER 5 Intellectual property and public health

5.1 Introduction

5.2 The importance of patents for pharmaceutical innovation

5.3 Intellectual property rights and access to innovations

5.3.1 Patents are taken out only in selected countries

5.3.2 Accessing healthcare innovations by lowering prices

5.4 Intellectual property rights and innovation for health

5.4.1 Limits in using intellectual property rights to address developing country problems

5.4.2 Creating conditions for more effective intellectual property policy

5.5 Conclusions and further research directions

CHAPTER 6 Intellectual property, genetic resources and traditional knowledge

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Intellectual property, traditional knowledge and genetic resources: the theory

6.2.1 An emerging field of research

6.2.2 Assumptions about the nature of traditional knowledge

6.2.3 Human rights discourse

6.3 Intellectual property, genetic resources and traditional knowledge: the empirical evidence

6.3.1 Evidence from the perspective of developed countries

6.3.2 Evidence from the perspective of developing countries

6.4 Conclusions and further research directions

CHAPTER 7 Conclusion

References

Appendix: International patent protection – 1960–2005

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[EQ] Submit Workshop Proposals for 2011 Farmworker Health Conference

2011 National Farmworker Health Conference Call for Workshops

Manejo del Crecimiento (Managing Growth): Migrant Health Programs and Partners

May 11-13, 2011 - Delray Beach Marriott, FL

Submit Workshop Proposal

Conference Overview
Health care reform will bring many changes to the health care system and will lead the way for a transformation of how health care is delivered in the United States and the territories. Community, migrant, homeless, and public housing programs will be looked upon to expand services for 45 million patients by 2015.

This unprecedented growth under health care reform will require that migrant health programs are aware of the opportunities, the challenges, and the paths to managing growth for their organizations, their patients, and their communities.

Submit workshop proposals on the following topics and others that you may find of relevance to the migrant health programs and migrant and seasonal farmworker populations:

· Program Specific

o Health Care Reform (HCR)

o Portability

o Funding Opportunities

o Shortage designation

o Pesticides

o Occupational Saftey Health Administration (OSHA)

o U.S. Department of Agriculture Programs(USDA)

o Medicaid/Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)/Medicare

o National Advisory Council on Migrant Health

o Medical Homes/Accountable Care Organizations

o Farmworker (FW) program partners/advocacy

· Operations Specific

o EHR meaningful use

o Planning for growth – successful applications (migrant)

o Integrated delivery services

o Outreach

o Community Health Worker (CHW)/Promotoras

o Accreditations

o Board

o Migrant Health (MH) 101

o Clinical

§ Performance measures

§ Health Plan

§ Telehealth

§ Delivery models

§ Behavioral/substance abuse

§ Population Disease management

Submission Deadline
The deadline for the final round in the Call for Workshops for the 2010 National Farmworker Health (Farmworker) Conference is October 1, 2010.

Submission Process
To submit your workshop proposal for the 2011 Farmworker Conference, go to www.NACHCLiveLEARNING.com and click, Submit Workshop Proposal.
Or, click here.

For more information, contact: John Ruiz jruiz@nachc.com or Carla Brathwaite cbrathwaite@nachc.com, or call(301) 347-0400.

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Wednesday, July 28, 2010

[EQ] A Methodology to Analyse the Intersections of Social Inequalities in Health

A Methodology to Analyse the Intersections of Social Inequalities in Health

Gita Sen^a; Aditi Iyer^b; Chandan Mukherjee^c

	^a Centre for Public Policy, Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, India
	^b Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore, India
	^c Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum, India

DOI: 10.1080/19452820903048894 - URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19452820903048894

Journal of Human Development and Capabilities - Volume 10, Issue 3 November 2009 , pages 397 - 415

View Full Text Article:

PDF [20p.] at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface~content=a913310624~fulltext=713240930~frm=content

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Abstract

“……..An important issue for health policy and planning is the way in which multiple sources of disadvantage, such as class,
gender, caste, race, ethnicity, and so forth, work together to influence health.
Although 'intersectionality' is a topic for which there is growing interest and evidence, several questions as yet remain
unanswered. These gaps partly reflect limitations in the quantitative methods used to study intersectionality in health,
even though the techniques used to analyse health inequalities as separable processes can be sophisticated.

In this paper, we discuss a method we developed to analyse the intersections between different social inequalities,
including a technique to test for differences along the entire span of the social spectrum, not just between the extremes.
We show how this method can be applied to the analysis of intersectionality in access to healthcare, using cross-sectional
data in Koppal, one of the poorest districts in Karnataka, India. ……..”

“……In addition to the obvious benefit of deepening our insights into social inequalities and how they interact, the study of intersectionality
using our approach has the potential to provide critical guidance for policies and programmes.
By giving precise insights into who is affected and how in different settings, it provides a scalpel for policies rather than the current hatchet.
It enables policies and programmes to identify whom to focus on, whom to protect, what exactly to promote and why.
It also provides a simple way to monitor and evaluate the impact of policies and programmes on different sub-groups
from the most disadvantaged through the middle layers to those with particular advantages…..”

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Friday, July 30, 2010

Thursday, July 29, 2010

Wednesday, July 28, 2010

A Methodology to Analyse the Intersections of Social Inequalities in Health

View Full Text Article: PDF [20p.] at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface~content=a913310624~fulltext=713240930~frm=content HTML: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface~content=a913310624~fulltext=713240928~frm=content

Abstract

View Full Text Article:

PDF [20p.] at: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface~content=a913310624~fulltext=713240930~frm=content

HTML: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/ftinterface~content=a913310624~fulltext=713240928~frm=content