World Social Security Report 2010/11.
Providing coverage in times of crisis and beyond
UN International Labour Organization (ILO), November 2010
Available online PDF [299p.] at: http://bit.ly/duXsrQ
“….This is the first in a new series of biennial reports that aim to map social security coverage globally, to presenting various methods and approaches for assessing coverage, and to identifying gaps in coverage. Backed by much comparative statistical data, this first report takes a comprehensive look at how countries are investing in social security, how they are financing it, and how effective their approaches are.
The report examines the ways selected international organizations (the EU, OECD and ADB) monitor social protection and the correlation of social security coverage and the ILO Decent Work Indicators.
The report's final section features a typology of national approaches to social security, with a focus on countries' responses to the economic crisis of 2008 -- and the lessons to be learned, especially concerning the short- and long-term management of pension schemes….”
“….. Providing coverage in times of crisis and beyond,” prepared by the UN International Labour Organization (ILO), examines the gaps in access to social security programmes in areas such as health care, pensions, social assistance, and unemployment benefits.
It shows that most of the world’s working age population and their families lack effective access to comprehensive social protection systems.
Worldwide, nearly 40 per cent of the working-age population is legally covered by contributory old-age pension schemes, according to the report.
In North America and Europe, this number is nearly double, while in
According to the report, social security plays an important role in times of economic crisis, including the current one, as an “irreplaceable economic, social and political stabilizer” that provides income replacement and helps stabilize aggregate demand, without negatively effecting economic growth.
The study also warns that cutting social security due to fiscal consolidation aimed at coping with increased deficits and public debt “may not only directly affect social security beneficiaries and consequently the standards of living of a large portion of the population, but also, through aggregate demand affects, slow down or significantly delay a full economic recovery.”
Well-designed unemployment schemes, social assistance and public works programmes effectively prevent long-term unemployment and help shorten recovery from economic recession, the report states.
Unemployment insurance schemes were the most common type of social protection measures used to respond to the crisis, it adds, while also noting that only 64 out of 184 countries for which information is available had such unemployment schemes in place when the survey started…..”
Content:
Executive summary
Introduction. Context, objectives, scope and structure of the report .
1 Defi nitions, standards and concepts
1.1 Basic definitions
1.2 The scope of social security as defined by ILO standards and by other international organizations
1.3 Coverage concepts and measurements
2 Scope of social security coverage around the world:Context and overview
2.1 The labour market context
2.2 Scope of comprehensive coverage by statutory schemes
2.3 Effective comprehensive population coverage
3 Social health protection coverage
3.1 Definition and measurement of social health protection
3.2 Financing health care
3.3 Gaps in health-care coverage and access deficits
4 Coverage by social security pensions: Income security in old age .
4.1 From legal to effective coverage by old-age pensions: An overview
4.2 Coverage gaps and employment status of the elderly
4.3 Effective extent and level of coverage at the country level
5 Income support to the unemployed
5.1 Scope of coverage by statutory unemployment schemes
5.2 Effective extent and level of coverage
6 Coverage by other branches of social security .
6.1 Employment injury
6.2 Maternity protection
7 Minimum income support and other social assistance
8 Investments in social security: Amounts, results and efficiency .
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Resources allocated to the financing of social security across the world
8.3 Measuring effectiveness and efficiency of investments in social security:
An overview of approaches in selected international organizations
9 Identifying factors for extended social security coverage
PART II. Thematic focus: Social security in times of crisis
10 Responding to economic crisis with social security
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Cushioning the impacts of unemployment while protecting and creating jobs
10.3 The expansion of social security as a crisis response
10.4 Consolidating social expenditure: Short-term versus long-term concerns
10.5 Impact of the crisis on pension funding: The need to revisit recent pension reforms
10.6 Impact of the crisis on social health protection financing
Conclusion. Closing the coverage gaps and building social security for all
Bibliography
Statistical Annex
Part A. The demographic, economic and labour market environment
Part B. Social security coverage and expenditure
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1 comment:
The crisis leaves a legacy of high unemployment, which risks becoming long-lasting. Again, structural reforms, such as the reduction of excessively high taxes on labour, are needed to address this problem.
World economic recovery
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