Population Aging - Is
Daniel Cotlear, Editor
Health, Nutrition, and Population Unit in the Human Development Network of the World Bank
The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 2011
Available online PDF [324p.] at: http://bit.ly/fbYKFh
“……The past half-century has seen enormous changes in the demographic makeup of
Families were large and women had one of the highest fertility rates in the world, low levels of education, and few opportunities for work outside the household. Investments in health and education reached only a small fraction of the children, many of whom died before reaching age five. Since then, the size of the LAC population has tripled and the mostly rural population has been transformed into a largely urban population.
There have been steep reductions in child mortality, and investments in health and education have increased, today reaching a majority of children. Fertility has been more than halved and the opportunities for women in education and for work outside the household have improved significantly. Life expectancy has grown by 22 years. Less obvious to the casual observer, but of significance for policy makers, a population with a large fraction of dependent children has evolved into a population with fewer dependents and a very large proportion of working-age adults…..”
“……This overview seeks to introduce the reader to three groups of issues related to population aging in LAC:
First is a group of issues related to the support of the aging and poverty in the life cycle. This covers questions of work and retirement, income and wealth, living arrangements, and intergenerational transfers. It also explores the relation between the life cycle and poverty.
Second is the question of the health transition. How does the demographic transition impact the health status of the population and the demand for health care? And how advanced is the health transition in LAC?
Third is an understanding of the fiscal pressures that are likely to accompany population aging and to disentangle the role of demography from the role of policy in that process. We seek to identify opportunities in these areas that may be missed by policy makers….”
Content:
Chapter 1 Population Aging: Is
Chapter 2 Demographic Trends in Latin America and the
Chapter 3 Poverty, the Aging, and the Life Cycle in
Chapter 4 How Age Influences the Demand for Health Care in
Chapter 5 The Economics of Happiness and Health Policy: How Health Norms Vary across Cohorts in
Chapter 6 Who Benefits from Public Transfers? Incidence across Income Groups and across Generations in
Chapter 7 The Fiscal Impact of Demographic Change in Ten Latin American Countries:
Projecting Public Expenditures in Education, Health, and Pensions
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