Public health in
Edited by
Joy Ladurner, Marlene Gerger, Walter W. Holland, Elias Mossialos, Sherry Merkur, Susie Stewart, Rachel Irwin and Jürgen Soffried
World Health Organization 2011 - European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
Available online PDF [370p.] at: http://bit.ly/w1tdvv
“………Current demographic, medical and economic developments challenge our health care system in a hitherto unknown way, to be relevant not only today but also for decades to come. We are confronted with the difficult task of providing accessible, needs-orientated, high-quality and cost-effective health care services to everyone.
Great efforts need to be made to promote sustainable health for the entire population, especially in view of the fact that disadvantaged population groups currently tend to have less favourable health opportunities and outcomes and that health system processes can intensify this situation. Health service provision must strive to be independent of income, level of education or professional status.
Orientating health policy solely towards the health care sector is too limited. Modern health policy, which is characterized by a public health orientation, combines scientific, organizational and political efforts in order to promote the health of populations or defined population groups and creates health care systems which show a stronger focus on people’s needs and efficiency.
Quality, effectiveness, efficiency, free access, equitable and needs-oriented health services are the basis for an optimal level of health care services for the population in the long term…..”
Content:
Methodology
1. Introduction
1.1 History
1.2 The German experience
1.3 The history of public health in developed countries
Late 19th century
Before the First World War
Between the wars
After the wars
Recent and current issues in public health
1.4 Scope, functions and responsibilities of public health
Addressing determinants of health
Scope and responsibilities
1.5 Structure of public health
National and local structures
Supranational and international structures
Other actors and sectors
Multidisciplinary public health
1.6 Education, training and research
1.7. Examples of public health in practice – selected issues
Coronary heart disease
Abortion and fertility
Violence
Reference to country examples
1.8 Conclusions
2. Analysis of the Austrian public health system
2.1 Introduction and definitions
Core functions of public health – a brief overview
Notions of public health in
Experts’ opinions on the definition and understanding of public health
2.2 Legislation
2.3 Funding
Legislation
Research and literature
Funding of public health-related services – overview
Funding of selected public health services and activities
2.4 Organization, structures and stakeholders
2.5 Public health disciplines, training and research – key functions
Public health disciplines
Public health training and research structure
Functions of public health in
2.6 Challenges and priority areas for public health in
Health and disease in
Challenges and priority areas for public health based on expert opinion
2.7 Conclusions
3. Information management and health reporting
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Legislation
3.3 Stakeholders
3.4 Health information systems
3.5 Data protection
3.6 Data surveillance and data analysis
3.7 Health reporting
Definitions and targets of health reporting
Development of health reporting in
Infrastructure
Producers of health reports
Time spans between reporting
Contents of reports
Influence of international reporting activities
Follow-up measures, evaluation and sustainability
Success factors for health reporting
Ideal health reporting versus current practice in
Trends
The role of social insurance in health reporting
3.8 Infectious diseases
Legislation on infectious diseases
Mandatory reporting of notifiable infectious diseases
Surveillance of infectious diseases
Early-warning systems
Outbreak control
Reporting and control of infectious diseases in practice
3.9 Registries
3.10 Conclusions
4. Health targets
5. Addressing disadvantaged and special needs groups
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Identification of disadvantaged groups
Dimensions and scope of the disadvantaged population
Impact of disadvantage on health status
5.3 Equity of access to curative and public health services
Promoting access to care and healthy lifestyles of disadvantaged groups
Equity of access to curative services
Equity of access to public health services
Selected health services for disadvantaged groups
5.4 Potential role of social insurance
5.5 Conclusions
6. Health professionals and public health
6.1 Public health professionals in
Physicians and public health
Nurses
Midwives
Other public health professionals
6.2 Capacity-building in public health
The concept of capacity-building
Leadership and commitment
Resources
Structures and organizational development
Networking and partnerships
Workforce development
Trends
Capacity-building in social insurance
6.3 Public health research
Public health research topics in
6.4 Conclusions
7. Recommendations
7.1 Immediate recommendations
Definition
Overall framework and strategy
7.2 General recommendations
7.3 Specific recommendations
8. Annexes
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